What is Gout
Gout is an inflammatory form of arthritis caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints and surrounding tissues. Patients usually have high uric acid levels in the blood for few years before development of Gout. Gout flare presents with sudden onset of severe pain, swelling, redness, and warmth in an affected joint, commonly involving the feet, ankles, or knees. Symptoms may occur as intermittent flares with symptom-free periods in between. Over time, untreated gout can become more frequent and involve multiple joints. Gout is influenced by obesity, impaired kidney function, and genetic factors more than diet or beverages. Treatment requires both acute and long-term management strategies.
- 16% US population has high uric acid levels but not all develop gout
- Genetic factors play more important role than diet and beverages
- Most commonly starts in the big toe but can affect ankles, knees, elbows etc
- Associated with increased risk of heart attacks and cardiovascular disease
Common Triggers for gout flare
- Dehydration
- Drinking alcohol or sodas containing high fructose corn syrup
- Consuming purine rich diet like red meat or seafood
- Surgery
- Medications like diuretics
How It Is Typically Managed?
Systematic approach is required
Symptom pattern, frequency,
and triggers
Signs of joint inflammation and fluid build up on exam, presence of tophi
Confirm high uric acid levels in blood, joint aspiration or ultrasound to
confirm the diagnosis
Lifestyle modifications- hydration, weight management, medication optimization, moderation in
diet and beverages
